Detections
Explore public detection logic contributed by the community across SIEM and rule languages.
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This query offers daily categorization of ASR rules, helping SOC analysts monitor specific categories like office-related activities or WMI among the 16 rules.
It aids in tracking detection rates and organizational trends.
It aids in tracking detection rates and organizational trends.
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Ransomware continues to hit healthcare, critical services.
It finds all user accounts that have logged on to an endpoint affected by Cobalt Strike, a penetration tool.
Assume that all credentials on endpoints affected by Cobalt Strike were available to attackers and that all associated accounts are compromised. Note that attackers will not only dump credentials for accounts that have logged on to interactive or RDP sessions, but will also dump cached credentials and passwords for service accounts and scheduled tasks that are stored in the LSA Secrets section of the registry.
Reference - https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154/
It finds all user accounts that have logged on to an endpoint affected by Cobalt Strike, a penetration tool.
Assume that all credentials on endpoints affected by Cobalt Strike were available to attackers and that all associated accounts are compromised. Note that attackers will not only dump credentials for accounts that have logged on to interactive or RDP sessions, but will also dump cached credentials and passwords for service accounts and scheduled tasks that are stored in the LSA Secrets section of the registry.
Reference - https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154/
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, WDigest credential harvesting.
WDigest is a legacy authentication protocol dating from Windows XP. While still used on some corporate networks, this protocol can be manipulated by attackers to dump system credentials.
The Microsoft Security Response Center published an overview of KB2871997, which addresses WDigest use on older platforms. More recent versions of Windows can be protected with a holistic security approach that follows the principle of least privilege.
The following query returns any attempts to turn WDigest credential caching on through the registry.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2003/cc778868(v=ws.10)?redirectedfrom=MSDN
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2014/06/05/an-overview-of-kb2871997/
https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=KB2871997
https://docs.microsoft.com/windows-server/identity/ad-ds/plan/security-best-practices/implementing-least-privilege-administrative-models
WDigest is a legacy authentication protocol dating from Windows XP. While still used on some corporate networks, this protocol can be manipulated by attackers to dump system credentials.
The Microsoft Security Response Center published an overview of KB2871997, which addresses WDigest use on older platforms. More recent versions of Windows can be protected with a holistic security approach that follows the principle of least privilege.
The following query returns any attempts to turn WDigest credential caching on through the registry.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2003/cc778868(v=ws.10)?redirectedfrom=MSDN
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2014/06/05/an-overview-of-kb2871997/
https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=KB2871997
https://docs.microsoft.com/windows-server/identity/ad-ds/plan/security-best-practices/implementing-least-privilege-administrative-models
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Msiexec abuse.
Msiexec.exe is a Windows component that installs files with the .msi extension. These kinds of files are Windows installer packages, and are used by a wide array of legitimate software. However, malicious actors can re-purpose msiexec.exe for living-off-the-land attacks, where they use legitimate system binaries on the compromised device to perform attacks.
The following query detects activity associated with misuse of msiexec.exe, particularly alongside mimikatz, a common credential dumper and privilege escalation tool.
Reference - https://www.varonis.com/blog/what-is-mimikatz/
Msiexec.exe is a Windows component that installs files with the .msi extension. These kinds of files are Windows installer packages, and are used by a wide array of legitimate software. However, malicious actors can re-purpose msiexec.exe for living-off-the-land attacks, where they use legitimate system binaries on the compromised device to perform attacks.
The following query detects activity associated with misuse of msiexec.exe, particularly alongside mimikatz, a common credential dumper and privilege escalation tool.
Reference - https://www.varonis.com/blog/what-is-mimikatz/
Original Sigma Rule: https://github.com/Neo23x0/sigma/blob/master/rules/apt/apt_judgement_panda_gtr19.yml.
Questions via Twitter: @janvonkirchheim.
Questions via Twitter: @janvonkirchheim.
Use this query to locate processes executing credential theft activity, often LaZagne in ransomware compromises.
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, "Exchange Server zero-days exploited in the wild".
In early March 2021, Microsoft released patches for four different zero-day vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft Exchange Server. The vulnerabilities were being used in a coordinated attack. For more information on the vulnerabilities, visit the following links:
1. CVE-2021-26855
2. CVE-2021-26857
3. CVE-2021-26858
4. CVE-2021-27065
The following query looks for evidence of Procdump being used to dump credentials from LSASS, the Local Security Authentication Server. This might indicate an attacker has compromised user accounts.
More queries related to this threat can be found under the See also section of this page.
Reference - https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2021/03/02/multiple-security-updates-released-for-exchange-server/
In early March 2021, Microsoft released patches for four different zero-day vulnerabilities affecting Microsoft Exchange Server. The vulnerabilities were being used in a coordinated attack. For more information on the vulnerabilities, visit the following links:
1. CVE-2021-26855
2. CVE-2021-26857
3. CVE-2021-26858
4. CVE-2021-27065
The following query looks for evidence of Procdump being used to dump credentials from LSASS, the Local Security Authentication Server. This might indicate an attacker has compromised user accounts.
More queries related to this threat can be found under the See also section of this page.
Reference - https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2021/03/02/multiple-security-updates-released-for-exchange-server/
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Ransomware continues to hit healthcare, critical services. There is also a related blog.
In April of 2020, security researchers observed multiple ransomware campaigns using the same set of techniques. The attackers would compromise a web-facing endpoint and employ tools such as Cobalt Strike to steal users' credentials.
Cobalt Strike is commercial software used to conduct simulated threat campaigns against a target; however, malicious actors also use Cobalt Strike in real attacks. The software has a large range of capabilities, including credential theft.
The following query identifies accounts that have logged on to compromised endpoints and have potentially had their credentials stolen.
References:
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/28/ransomware-groups-continue-to-target-healthcare-critical-services-heres-how-to-reduce-risk/
https://www.cobaltstrike.com/
https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154/
In April of 2020, security researchers observed multiple ransomware campaigns using the same set of techniques. The attackers would compromise a web-facing endpoint and employ tools such as Cobalt Strike to steal users' credentials.
Cobalt Strike is commercial software used to conduct simulated threat campaigns against a target; however, malicious actors also use Cobalt Strike in real attacks. The software has a large range of capabilities, including credential theft.
The following query identifies accounts that have logged on to compromised endpoints and have potentially had their credentials stolen.
References:
https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/28/ransomware-groups-continue-to-target-healthcare-critical-services-heres-how-to-reduce-risk/
https://www.cobaltstrike.com/
https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154/
'This identifies failed logon attempts using permutations based on known first and last names within 10m time windows. Iteration through separators or order changes in the logon name may indicate potential Brute Force logon attempts.'
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Msiexec abuse.
Msiexec.exe is a Windows component that installs files with the .msi extension. These kinds of files are Windows installer packages, and are used by a wide array of legitimate software. However, malicious actors can re-purpose msiexec.exe for living-off-the-land attacks, where they use legitimate system binaries on the compromised device to perform attacks.
The following query detects activity associated with misuse of msiexec.exe, particularly alongside mimikatz, a common credential dumper and privilege escalation tool.
Reference - https://www.varonis.com/blog/what-is-mimikatz/
Msiexec.exe is a Windows component that installs files with the .msi extension. These kinds of files are Windows installer packages, and are used by a wide array of legitimate software. However, malicious actors can re-purpose msiexec.exe for living-off-the-land attacks, where they use legitimate system binaries on the compromised device to perform attacks.
The following query detects activity associated with misuse of msiexec.exe, particularly alongside mimikatz, a common credential dumper and privilege escalation tool.
Reference - https://www.varonis.com/blog/what-is-mimikatz/
This query looks for signs of credential dumping based on process activity instead of targeting process names.
Author: Jouni Mikkola
More info: https://threathunt.blog/lsass-credential-dumping/
Author: Jouni Mikkola
More info: https://threathunt.blog/lsass-credential-dumping/
// Detect Active Directory service accounts that are not active because their last logon was more than 14 days ago
// Replace XXX on line 4 with the naming convention start of your Active Directory service accounts
// Replace XXX on line 4 with the naming convention start of your Active Directory service accounts
Assuming that you have a machine that is properly BitLocker'ed, then
the machine will need to be running to extract the SAM and SYSTEM
files.
This first query looks for any access to the HKLM that happens via a command
or script that is not executed by system.
The second query looks for usage of reg or regedit by anyone who is not system.
the machine will need to be running to extract the SAM and SYSTEM
files.
This first query looks for any access to the HKLM that happens via a command
or script that is not executed by system.
The second query looks for usage of reg or regedit by anyone who is not system.
wifikeys
KQL
Detect if someone run netsh and try to expose WPA keys in clear text
@mattiasborg82.
Blog.sec-labs.com.
@mattiasborg82.
Blog.sec-labs.com.
'This hunting query looks for file paths/hashes related to observed activity by Dev-0228. The actor is known to use custom version of popular tool like PsExec, Procdump etc. to carry its activity.
The risk score associated with each result is based on a number of factors, hosts with higher risk events should be investigated first.
This query uses the Microsoft Sentinel Information Model - https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/sentinel/normalization'
The risk score associated with each result is based on a number of factors, hosts with higher risk events should be investigated first.
This query uses the Microsoft Sentinel Information Model - https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/sentinel/normalization'
'This hunting query looks for file paths/hashes related to observed activity by Dev-0228. The actor is known to use custom version of popular tool like PsExec, Procdump etc. to carry its activity.
The risk score associated with each result is based on a number of factors, hosts with higher risk events should be investigated first.'
The risk score associated with each result is based on a number of factors, hosts with higher risk events should be investigated first.'
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, RDP ransomware persists as Wadhrama.
The ransomware known as Wadhrama has been used in human-operated attacks that follow a particular pattern. The attackers often use Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to gain initial access to a device or network, exfiltrate credentials, and maintain persistance.
The following query checks for possible Wadhrama-related activity, by detecting the technique these attackers have used in the past to dump credentials.
Other techniques used by the group associated with Wadhrama are listed under See also.
Reference - https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Ransom:Win32/Wadhrama
The ransomware known as Wadhrama has been used in human-operated attacks that follow a particular pattern. The attackers often use Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) to gain initial access to a device or network, exfiltrate credentials, and maintain persistance.
The following query checks for possible Wadhrama-related activity, by detecting the technique these attackers have used in the past to dump credentials.
Other techniques used by the group associated with Wadhrama are listed under See also.
Reference - https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Ransom:Win32/Wadhrama
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Qakbot blight lingers, seeds ransomware
Qakbot is malware that steals login credentials from banking and financial services. It has been deployed against small businesses as well as major corporations. Some outbreaks have involved targeted ransomware campaigns that use a similar set of techniques. Links to related queries are listed under See also.
The following query detects possible use of the system process, esentutl.exe, to look through a user's browser history and steal cookies.
Reference - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2017/11/06/mitigating-and-eliminating-info-stealing-qakbot-and-emotet-in-corporate-networks/
Qakbot is malware that steals login credentials from banking and financial services. It has been deployed against small businesses as well as major corporations. Some outbreaks have involved targeted ransomware campaigns that use a similar set of techniques. Links to related queries are listed under See also.
The following query detects possible use of the system process, esentutl.exe, to look through a user's browser history and steal cookies.
Reference - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2017/11/06/mitigating-and-eliminating-info-stealing-qakbot-and-emotet-in-corporate-networks/
This query was originally published in the threat analytics report, Doppelpaymer: More human-operated ransomware. There is also a related blog.
DoppelPaymer is ransomware that is spread manually by human operators. These operators have exhibited extensive knowledge of system administration and common network security misconfigurations. For example, they use SysInternal utilities such as ProcDump to dump credentials from LSASS. They often use these stolen credentials to turn off security software, run malicious commands, and spread malware throughout an organization.
The following query detects ProcDump being used to dump credentials from LSASS.
The See also section below lists links to other queries associated with DoppelPaymer.
References:
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2019/11/20/customer-guidance-for-the-dopplepaymer-ransomware/
https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Trojan:Win32/DoppelPaymer!MTB&threatId=-2147205372
https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/procdump
https://docs.microsoft.com/windows-server/security/credentials-protection-and-management/configuring-additional-lsa-protection
DoppelPaymer is ransomware that is spread manually by human operators. These operators have exhibited extensive knowledge of system administration and common network security misconfigurations. For example, they use SysInternal utilities such as ProcDump to dump credentials from LSASS. They often use these stolen credentials to turn off security software, run malicious commands, and spread malware throughout an organization.
The following query detects ProcDump being used to dump credentials from LSASS.
The See also section below lists links to other queries associated with DoppelPaymer.
References:
https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2019/11/20/customer-guidance-for-the-dopplepaymer-ransomware/
https://www.microsoft.com/wdsi/threats/malware-encyclopedia-description?Name=Trojan:Win32/DoppelPaymer!MTB&threatId=-2147205372
https://docs.microsoft.com/sysinternals/downloads/procdump
https://docs.microsoft.com/windows-server/security/credentials-protection-and-management/configuring-additional-lsa-protection
Dragon Fly
KQL
Original Sigma Rule: https://github.com/Neo23x0/sigma/blob/master/rules/apt/apt_dragonfly.yml.
Questions via Twitter: @janvonkirchheim.
Questions via Twitter: @janvonkirchheim.
Detects suspicious process access to the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) memory. The rule specifically looks for processes attempting to access LSASS with certain access flags from potentially suspicious folders like temporary directories or user application data folders. This behavior is indicative of credential dumping attempts, often performed by malware or attackers to harvest credentials.
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