Detections
Explore public detection logic contributed by the community across SIEM and rule languages.
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This rule detects processes invoking sensitive Windows API functions related to token manipulation (such as DuplicateToken, ImpersonateLoggedOnUser, or CreateProcessAsUser) when initiated by suspicious parent processes like PowerShell, CMD, or WScript. It uses a scoring system that increases risk if the execution occurs from common non-standard directories (e.g., Temp, Public) or is associated with non-system account contexts.
The following analytic identifies a suspicious `explorer.exe` process with the `/root` command-line parameter. This detection leverages Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) telemetry, focusing on process and command-line data. The presence of `/root` in `explorer.exe` is significant as it may indicate parent process spoofing, a technique used by malware to evade detection. If confirmed malicious, this activity could allow an attacker to operate undetected, potentially leading to unauthorized access, privilege escalation, or persistent threats within the environment.
Detects the 'mscopilot.exe' binary performing token manipulation operations (DuplicateTokenEx, ImpersonateLoggedOnUser, SetThreadToken) followed by the creation of a new process with a different security context (CreateProcessAsUserW) within a five-minute window, indicative of C2 agent functionality.
Detects the use of token manipulation APIs (DuplicateToken, DuplicateTokenEx, ImpersonateLoggedOnUser), the 'runas' command for credential switching, or the execution of known security token manipulation tools (e.g., incognito, Tokenvator, Invoke-TokenManipulation). This activity is commonly associated with privilege escalation and token theft.
Detects instances where the suspicious binary 'x47_bot.exe' performs process injection or hollows a process, followed by an attempt to gain or elevate privileges (such as via UAC bypass, token manipulation, or privilege checking) on the same host within a 15-minute window.
Detects instances where the suspicious binary 'x47_bot.exe' performs process injection or hollows a process, followed by an attempt to gain or elevate privileges (such as via UAC bypass, token manipulation, or privilege checking) on the same host within a 15-minute window.
Detects non-SYSTEM processes enabling SeDebugPrivilege or SeImpersonatePrivilege shortly before launching a process as the SYSTEM user. This behavior is highly indicative of token manipulation and impersonation techniques (e.g., Potato-family exploits) used to elevate privileges from a standard or administrative account to SYSTEM.
Detects unauthorized access attempts to SYSTEM-level processes (winlogon.exe, services.exe) using specific access rights such as PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE or PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION. This behavior is indicative of token stealing or impersonation attempts often utilized by tools like JuicyPotato, RoguePotato, and PrintSpoofer to escalate privileges to SYSTEM.
Detects a specific pattern of Windows API calls consistent with PIVOTPIPE C2 activity, involving process token impersonation (OpenProcessToken, DuplicateTokenEx, ImpersonateLoggedOnUser, or SetThreadToken) followed by a RevertToSelf call. The rule correlates these events within a single process, identifies artifacts related to PIVOTPIPE loader/payloads, and ensures the sequence completes within a short time window.
Detects the assignment of SeDebugPrivilege or SeImpersonatePrivilege to a non-SYSTEM account, followed by the execution of a new process from common service parents (spoolsv.exe, w3wp.exe, dllhost.exe) within the same logon session. This behavior is indicative of privilege escalation attempts using local potato-style exploits (e.g., PrintSpoofer, JuicyPotato) that leverage service tokens for impersonation.
Detects the execution of known privilege escalation tools and the use of specific Windows privilege keywords (such as SeImpersonatePrivilege) often associated with access token manipulation and token impersonation attacks to elevate privileges to SYSTEM.
Detects the assignment of special, highly privileged rights (e.g., SeDebugPrivilege, SeImpersonatePrivilege) to standard user accounts using Windows Security Event ID 4672. This activity, without an associated new logon event, is a common indicator of access token manipulation or impersonation techniques (such as those used by tools like Incognito) to gain elevated system privileges.
Detects the creation of specific debug log files by PIVOTPIPE Cobalt Strike-compatible payloads in the Windows temporary directory. These artifacts indicate active post-exploitation activity, specifically operations involving process token manipulation or impersonation.
Detects the execution of known PIVOTPIPE RAT binary files based on their SHA256 hashes or file names. PIVOTPIPE RAT is capable of token manipulation and impersonation techniques (e.g., ImpersonateLoggedOnUser, DuplicateTokenEx) to perform privileged operations or escalate security context.
Detects instances where the suspicious binary 'x47_bot.exe' performs process injection or hollows a process, followed by an attempt to gain or elevate privileges (such as via UAC bypass, token manipulation, or privilege checking) on the same host within a 15-minute window.
The following analytic detects WMI token impersonation by identifying `wmiprvse.exe` requesting the query, VM, and duplicate-handle rights associated with WMI process access.
It leverages Sysmon EventCode 10 and checks for access masks that combine PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION (0x400), PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION (0x1000), PROCESS_VM_OPERATION (0x8), PROCESS_VM_READ (0x10), PROCESS_VM_WRITE (0x20), PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE (0x40), and PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS (0x1f3fff).
It leverages Sysmon EventCode 10 and checks for access masks that combine PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION (0x400), PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION (0x1000), PROCESS_VM_OPERATION (0x8), PROCESS_VM_READ (0x10), PROCESS_VM_WRITE (0x20), PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE (0x40), and PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS (0x1f3fff).
A standard user who suddenly logs on with TokenHasDomainAdminSid is a red flag for potential token manipulation or group membership abuse.
Detects process execution events where a process is launched with command line arguments containing 's' as an isolated character (often indicative of token stealing tools like Incognito or similar utilities) combined with a discrepancy in the initiating process account or logon session, suggesting potential token duplication or impersonation.
This rule detects potential Windows token manipulation by correlating logon events containing sensitive privileges (SeDebugPrivilege/SeImpersonatePrivilege) with subsequent process creation events under a different user context within a short timeframe. It further validates the activity by incorporating Sysmon Event ID 10 alerts that identify process access patterns commonly associated with token duplication or impersonation techniques used in post-exploitation frameworks like Cobalt Strike.
This rule detects the potential use of parent process spoofing (PPID spoofing) where a PowerShell process is spawned with 'explorer.exe' as its parent. This technique, often executed via the 'PROC_THREAD_ATTRIBUTE_PARENT_PROCESS' attribute in a 'CreateProcessW' call, is used by adversaries to mask the true origin of the PowerShell process and evade behavioral detection.
Detects a process re-launching itself with a specific command-line argument format (a single 's' character followed by a numeric session ID). This behavior is characteristic of the SparroWocky malware, which enumerates user sessions and spawns a new backdoor instance under a different session using CreateProcessAsUserW after duplicating the target session's token.
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