SigmaHQ Detections
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This rule detects the creation of files with uncommon extensions within Microsoft Office application startup folders, specifically for Word and Excel. Adversaries often leverage these folders to establish persistence by placing malicious documents, templates, or add-ins that execute automatically when the respective Office application is launched. The rule filters out common and legitimate Office file extensions to reduce false positives.
This rule detects the execution of the `system_profiler` utility on macOS when specific data types are requested. These data types (SPApplicationsDataType, SPHardwareDataType, SPNetworkDataType, SPUSBDataType) have been observed in use by threat actors and malware for system information discovery and potentially for defense evasion by checking for virtualization software. The `system_profiler` command provides detailed hardware and software configuration information about the system.
This rule detects the execution of the 'cloudflared.exe' binary from any location other than the standard installation paths ('Program Files (x86)\cloudflared\' or 'Program Files\cloudflared\'). Adversaries often use portable versions of legitimate tools like Cloudflared for command and control (C2) or data exfiltration, executing them from non-standard directories to evade detection. This behavior is frequently observed in ransomware campaigns, such as those by Akira, where Cloudflared is leveraged to establish tunnels for malicious traffic.
This rule detects the execution of a PowerShell script that utilizes the "Send-MailMessage" cmdlet along with the "-Attachments" flag. This combination is a strong indicator of potential data exfiltration via email, where an adversary might be sending sensitive files as attachments through SMTP. The rule aims to identify attempts to steal data by exfiltrating it over an unencrypted network protocol, specifically SMTP, to an alternative network location.
Detects the execution of commands via the Windows Run dialog box by monitoring modifications to the "RunMRU" registry key. This technique has been observed in campaigns where threat actors trick users into pasting and executing malicious commands, often under the guise of CAPTCHA verification steps, to deliver malware like Lumma Stealer.
Detects the use of `csrutil` with the `status` argument to view the System Integrity Protection (SIP) status on macOS. This activity is often observed in post-exploitation scenarios where an adversary is attempting to understand the system's security posture, specifically whether SIP is enabled or disabled, which could impact their ability to perform certain actions like modifying system files or injecting code.
This rule detects the use of the `ioreg` command-line utility on macOS, which is used to display I/O Kit registry information. Adversaries often use `ioreg` for system information discovery, particularly to identify virtualization environments (e.g., VirtualBox, VMware, Parallels) or other system details like serial numbers or USB device information. The rule specifically looks for executions of `ioreg` combined with common arguments and keywords used for such discovery, either directly or through shell commands involving `grep`.
Detects when the `csrutil` command is used with the `disable` argument to turn off System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS. This action is often performed in post-exploitation scenarios by adversaries to gain greater control over the system or to bypass security mechanisms.
This rule detects the execution of the 'sw_vers' command-line utility on macOS systems when specific arguments are used to query system information. The arguments monitored include '-buildVersion', '-productName', and '-productVersion', which are commonly used for system information discovery.
Detects file write events from or to a fake Recycle.Bin folder, which is often used by malware as a staging directory. Adversaries may create folders with names similar to legitimate system directories (e.g., "RECYCLERS.BIN" instead of "RECYCLER.BIN") to hide their malicious files and evade detection.
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