Arnold Chan
@slazTrusted contributorCompletionist
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This rule detects network traffic indicative of N0va Phishkit verification or session initialization. It looks for specific GET request URI parameters (/api/verification/init?session=, flow=, prompt_profile=) that align with the initial handshake phase of this phishing kit, which is often used for credential and session cookie theft.
This rule detects potential OAuth token theft resulting from device code phishing (e.g., N0va phishkit). It monitors for a successful OAuth device-code authentication followed within 5 minutes by a secondary successful sign-in for the same user from a different IP address, different browser client, or different user agent, which is a common indicator of an adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) session hijacking attempt.
This rule detects potential credential or token theft attempts from the N0va phishing kit. It monitors for emails lacking attachments that contain specific URL patterns associated with verification or session initialization, coupled with social engineering tactics such as spoofing legitimate service display names or subjects (e.g., Microsoft Teams, DocuSign, etc.) while originating from non-legitimate domains.
This rule detects phishing emails where the sender's display name impersonates well-known brands (e.g., Microsoft, DocuSign, Zoom) while using a non-official domain. It further correlates these suspicious senders with embedded URLs that either match the targeted brands' domains or contain patterns commonly associated with device code phishing or API verification workflows.
Detects outbound network traffic consistent with the Chisel proxy/tunneling tool establishing a connection to an external VPS associated with the Miku threat actor. The rule monitors for established TCP connections to a specific remote IP address on port 443, utilizing a threshold to reduce noise by ensuring multiple connection attempts occur.
Detects Vidar Stealer v2.x-3.x custom VM bytecode interpreter used to deobfuscate strings via a fetch-decode-execute loop with sparse opcode dispatch and single accumulator
Detects successful exploitation attempts targeting Vite development servers via chained access-control bypass vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-30208, CVE-2025-31125, CVE-2024-45811). The rule identifies malicious GET requests using the /@fs/ endpoint with specific query parameters, resulting in a successful HTTP 200 response, while originating from non-internal IP addresses.
This rule detects anomalous high-frequency, short-duration bursts of CAPWAP (Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points) traffic originating from external sources and targeting internal FortiGate devices. This behavior is indicative of automated exploitation attempts, specifically targeting known heap-grooming activities used in vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-27997, which rely on repetitive 'Add-Station' operations. Legitimate controller traffic is filtered by focusing on internal-to-internal communication patterns.
GhostContainer
YARA
Detects GhostContainer .NET-based backdoor assembly components deployed on compromised Exchange servers, requiring multiple corroborating unique indicators (module/class names, C2 header, masquerading filenames) to reduce false positives on generic .NET assemblies
This rule detects potential web shell creation on a Microsoft Exchange server by monitoring for suspicious child processes spawned by the IIS web server process (w3wp.exe) that correlate with the creation or modification of web-accessible script files (.aspx, .ashx, .asp, .dll) within the Exchange virtual directories (ecp, owa, aspnet_client). This pattern is consistent with common post-exploitation activities used by attackers to gain persistent access via web shells.
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